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Travel Information on Turkey
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Turkey (TR)
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| Continent: |
Europe, Asia |
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| Area: |
779,452 km² |
| Population: |
74,709,412 |
| Capital city: |
Ankara |
ISO code: |
TR |
| National language: |
Turkish |
International dialling code: |
+90 |
| Currency: |
Turkish Lira |
Licence plate number: |
TR |
| Flight routes from Turkey: |
2619 |
Flight routes to Turkey: |
3260 |
| Popular airports: |
Istanbul (IST),
Dalaman (DLM),
Izmir (ADB),
Antalya (AYT),
Ankara (ESB),
Adana (ADA),
Bodrum-Milas (BJV),
Istanbul (SAW),
Elazig (EZS),
Diyarbakir (DIY)
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| Large cities: |
Istanbul,
Ankara,
Izmir,
Bursa,
Adana,
Gaziantep,
Konya,
Antalya,
Diyarbakir,
Kayseri,
Eskisehir,
Şanlıurfa,
Malatya,
Erzurum,
Samsun
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| Airlines based in Turkey: |
Turkish Airlines,
Pegasus Airlines,
AtlasJet,
Kibris Turk Hava Yollari,
Onur Air
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Republic in south-eastern Europe and south-western Asia.
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The greater part of Turkey in actual fact lies in Asia, with only a small part being in Europe. The Asian part of the country is called Anatolia, whereas Thrace forms the European part. The state borders of Turkey are mainly formed by the sea: the Aegean Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea. Countries bordering Turkey include Greece, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iraq and Iran as well as Syria. Turkey is a secular state, a status that can be traced back to Turkey’s founder, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.
Turkey is divided up into the following geographical regions: Marmara, Aegean, Black Sea, Central Anatolia, Eastern Anatolia, Southeastern Anatolia and the Mediterranean. In the highlands of Thrace, the river Meriç forms the border to Greece. West of the Bosporus lies the Marmara-Region, where the sea of Marmara separates Europe from Asia and the Aegean Sea from the Black Sea. The Dardanelles extends to the Mediterranean Sea. The landscape in this region is hilly and covered with shrubs and forests. At the foot of the Uludağ mountains is the city of Bursa, which, due to the many thermal and sulphur springs is well-known as a spa town. The Aegean region is very hilly and extends along the west coast between Çanakkale and Bodrum. With its many ancient buildings originating from the time of Greek colonisation, this region also counts as the most developed tourist region in Turkey. The northern coastal strip of Turkey includes the region around the Black Sea. Here, the hilly landscape with its large forests is characterised by a mild, humid climate. The central Anatolian region includes the inner Anatolian highlands with the saline lake Tuz Gölü and the mountain chains which reach an altitude of up to 3,900 m (1,2795 ft). Inner Anatolia on the other hand is characterised by steppes, and here hot, dry summers and very cold winters prevail. The Mediterranean region is bordered by the Taurus mountains in the north and the Amanos mountains (only Dağları) to the east. In south-east Anatolia is the river Tigris, and the Taurus Mountains also enclose this area. The region east of the Euphrates is characterised by a high plateau.
The highest mountains in Turkey are Mount Ararat (Büyük Ağrı Dağı, 5,137 m (16,854 ft), the legendary resting place of Noah’s Arc, the Buzul Dağı (4,116 m, 13,503 ft), Süphan Dağı (4,058 m, 13,313 ft), Little Ararat (Küçük Ağrı Dağı 3,925 m, 12,877 ft ), Kaçkar Dağı (3,932 m, 12,900 ft), Erciyes Dağı (3,917 m, 12,851 ft ) and the Uludağ (2,543 m, 8,343 ft).
The most important rivers include the Kızılırmak, the Euphrates (Fırat), Sakarya, Murat, the Tigris (Dicle) and the Seyhan. Largest lakes in Turkey are: Van Gölü, Beyşehir Gölü, Eğridir Gölü, Akşehir Gölü and the İznik Gölü. The islands of Gökçeada, Marmara Adası, Bozcaada, Uzunada, Alibey, Paşalimanı and Avşar also belong to Turkey.
Turkey disposes of 14 international airports, the most significant of these being the Atatürk airport in Istanbul, Sabiha Gökçen airport, Antalya airport and Izmir (Adnan Menderes Havalimanı) airport along with the airport in Ankara (Esenboğa). Due to Turkeys central position, the traffic knot between Asia and Europe proves an important source of revenue.
Places of interest in Turkey include the Topkapı Sarayı in Istanbul (formerly residence of the Sultans), the Hagia Sophia, the İshak Paşa and the city of Troy. The southern coast, also known as the Turkish Riviera, is the tourist centre for beach holidays, along with the southern Aegean coast. Fethiye is famous for its coves, islands and beaches. Many sites in Turkey have been listed by the UNESCO as world heritage sites such as the National park Göreme and the cave monuments in Kappadokien, the large mosque and hospital in Divriği, the historical parts of Istanbul, the ruins of Hattusa, the monumental graveyard on Mount Nemrut, the ruins in Xanthos with the holy Letoon, the ancient city of Hierapolis with the Pamukkale chalk terraces, the historic town of Safranbolu and the archaeological site of Troy. There are also two national parks which have also been declared natural world heritage sites by UNESCO. Two of the seven wonders of the world are to be found in Anatolia: the temple of Artemis in Ephesos and the Mausoleum of Halikarnassos in Bodrum.
The capital of Turley is Ankara and is located in central Anatolia. Here, a harsh, dry continental climate is prevalent, meaning that summers are hot and dry and the winters cold, with plenty of snow. Ankara is a relatively young city with only few places of interest, these include: the roman ruins of the Augustus Temple, the thermal baths and Julian pillar, the Kocatepe mosque (Kocatepe Camii), Hacıbayram mosque (Hacıbayram Camii), the Anıtkabir, Atatürks Mausoleum, the Atakule television tower, the museum of Anatolian civilisation at the foot of the citadel and the first republican parliament opposite the historical Hotel Ankara Palas in the district of Ulus.
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Favourite Flights and Cheap Flights from and to Turkey / TR
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Flight London Istanbul (LON IST)
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Flight Athens Istanbul (ATH IST) 14 Flights per week with Turkish Airlines, Olympic Airlines, Tunis Air
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Flight London-Stansted Izmir (STN ADB) 3 Flights per week with Sun Express, Kibris Turk Hava Yollari, Turkish Airlines
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Flight London-Gatwick Dalaman (LGW DLM) 5 Flights per week with British Airways, XL Airways Germany, MyTravel Airways
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Flight London Dalaman (LON DLM)
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Flight London-Heathrow Diyarbakir (LHR DIY)
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Flight London-Stansted Kayseri (STN ASR)
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Flight London-Heathrow Istanbul (LHR IST) 35 Flights per week with American Airlines, Turkish Airlines, British Airways
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Flight Kiev Istanbul (KBP IST) 7 Flights per week with Aerosvit Airlines, Turkish Airlines
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Flight Vienna Istanbul (VIE IST) 14 Flights per week with Austrian Airlines, Turkish Airlines
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